in scaffold, The stall load is the maximum load at which the hoist’s motor stops moving or shuts off automatically to prevent damage. 1926.451(b)
Gasoline power-operated hoists/equipment is not acceptable. 1926.451(d.14)
Drum hoists shall hold no less than four wraps of suspension rope when scaffold travel is at lowest point. 1926.451(d.6)
Enclose Gears and brakes. 1926.451(d.15)
An automatic device for braking and locking, in addition to the operating brake, shall work when a hoist makes a sudden change in momentum or an accelerated over speed. 1926.451(d.16)
Physically operated hoists, which is using to raise/lower a suspended scaffold must be tested and listed by a qualified testing laboratory. 1926.451(d.13)
Above mentioned hoists need a positive crank force to descend. 1926.451(d.17)
Welding can carried out from suspended scaffolds when
- A grounding conductor shall connect from the suspended scaffold to the structure, shall at least the size of the welding lead.
- The grounding conductor shall not attach in series with the welding work or the work piece.
- An insulating material shall cover the suspension wire rope and extends at least four feet above the hoist.
- Insulated protective covers shall cover the hoist.
- The tail line is guided/retained, or both, that it does not become grounded.
- every suspension rope shall attach to an insulated thimble.
- every suspension rope and any other self-regulating lines are insulated from grounding. 1926.451(f.17)
No materials/devices shall use to increase the working height on a suspension scaffold. Including ladder, barrel and box. 1926.451 (f.14, 15)
Entry Requirement
Employer shall deliver access when the scaffold platform is more than 2 feet above/below a point of admittance. 1926.451 (1 of e)
Direct access is adequate when the scaffold is not more than 14 inches horizontally, 24 inches vertically from the other faces. 1926.451(e.8)
The standard disallows the use of cross braces as a means of access. 1926.451(e.1)
Listed below sorts of access are acceptable,
- Portable/ hook-on/ stairway/ attachable Ladders. 1926.451 (e.2)
- Stair towers 1926.451(e.4)
- Ramp and walkway 1926.451(e.5)
- Integral prefabricated frames 1926.451(e.6)
Workers erecting and dismantling supported scaffolding shall be provided safe access when a competent person determined the possibility and analyzed the site situations. 1926.451(e)
Use Requirement
Prohibition of Shore and lean-to scaffold. 1926.451(f.2)
Employees are not allowed to work on scaffolds covered with snow, ice, or other slippery materials, excluding, removing activity of mentioned substances. 1926.451(f. 8)
For fall protection, guardrail system/personal fall arrest systems shall install. Personal fall arrest system includes harness, component of the harness/belt such as Dee-rings, and snap hooks, lifeline, and anchorage point. 1926.451(g.3)
Vertical/horizontal lifeline shall use. 1926.451(g.3.ii to iv)
Lifeline shall independent of support lines and suspension ropes and shall not attach to the same anchorage point. 1926.451(g.3.iii.iv)
If working from an aerial lift, fall arrest system shall attach to the boom or basket. 1926.453(b.2.v)
Employers shall provide fall protection system for every employee on a scaffold more than 10 feet above/lower level. 1926.451(g.1)
A competent/authorized person shall determine the possibility and safety of providing fall protection system for workers who erect/dismantle supported scaffolds. 1926.451(g.2)
| Aerial lift | Personal FAS (fall arrest system) |
| Boatswain chair | Personal FAS |
| Catenary scaffold | Personal FAS |
| Crawling board (chicken ladder) | Personal FAS or guardrail system, or by a 3/4 inch diameter grabline or equivalent handhold securely fastened beside each crawling board |
| Float scaffold | Personal FAS |
| Ladder jack scaffold | Personal FAS |
| Needle beam scaffold | Personal FAS |
| Self-contained adjustable scaffold with rope support | Both |
| Single-point/two-point suspension scaffold | Both |
| Supported scaffold | Personal FAS /guardrail system |
| All other scaffolds not specified above | Personal FAS /guardrail systems that meet the required criteria |
Use Requirement
Personal fall arrest system can be used on scaffolding when there is no provision of guardrail system. 1926.451(g.1.vii)
Use fall arrest system when working from boatswains’ chair, catenary, float, needle beam, ladder, and pump jack scaffolding 1926.451(g.1)
When working from the boom/basket of an aerial lift, use fall arrest system. 1926.453(b.2.v)
Employer shall provide guardrail system or personal fall arrest system or both When Worker on a self-contained adjustable scaffold having top rail min 200 pound capacity, when the platform is supported by ropes. 1926.451(g.1.iv)
Falling Object Protection
To protect employee from falling objects, install toe boards, screens, guardrail systems, debris nets, catch platforms, canopy structures, or barricades. In addition, employees shall wear helmet. 1926.451(h.1.2.3)
Bricklayer square scaffold
Max. Planned load 50 lb/ft2
Max. width = 5 ft
Max. height = 5 ft.
Gussets = 1 × 6 inches
Braces = 1 × 8 inches
Legs = 2 × 6 inches
Bearers, horizontal members = 2 × 6 inches
A Horse scaffold
Max. Planned load, light duty scaffold = 25 lb/ft2
Max. Planned load, medium duty scaffold = 50 lb/ft2
Bearer/Horizontal members
Light duty= 2 × 4 inches
Medium duty= 3 × 4 inches
Legs= 2 × 4 inches
Longitudinal brace b/w leg = 1 × 6 inches
Gusset brace at top of leg = 1 × 8 inches
Half diagonal brace = 2 × 4 inches
A Metal bracket scaffold
Max Planned load= 25 lb/ft2
Uprights= 2 × 4 inches
Bearers= As per designed
Braces=As per designed
A Wood bracket scaffold
Max. Planned load= 25 lb/ft2
Upright = 2 × 4 in or 2 × 6 inches
Bearer = 2 × 6 inches
Max. scaffold width= 3 ft 6 inches
Braces= 1 × 6 inches
A Interior hung scaffolds
Bearers (use on edge) = 2 × 10 inches
Max. Planned load = Maximum span
25 lb/ft2 = 10 feet
50 lb/ft2 = 10 feet
75 lb/ft2 = 7 feet
A Needle beam scaffold
Max. Planned load= 25 lb/ft.2
Beams=4 × 6 inches
Max. platform span= 8 feet
Max. beam span= 10 feet
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